What is Topology?Types of Topology with diagram.Discuss Advantages and Disadvantages.

 What is network topology? Write the names of topologies.

Network Topologies

All network can be configured or arranged in different ways. The physical layout for arrangement of connected devices in a network is called network topology. It is the shape of a network. Different network topologies are as follows:

• Bus topology

• Ring topology 

• Star topology

• Tree topology 

• Mash topology

Q:What is bus topology?explain its working with diagram. discuss its advantages and disadvantages.

Bus topology

 Bus topology is the simplest type of network it supports a small number of computers. In bus topology all computers are network nodes are connected to a common communication medium. This medium is often a a Central wire known as bus.

The Terminators are used at the end of a bus to absorb signals.Bus topology is mostly used in peer-to-peer computers. 10 to 15 computers are connected with each other in bus topology.

Working of bus Network

The sending computer sends the data and destination address through the bus .The data and address move from one computer to the other in the network. Each computer checks the address if it matches with the address of a computer.The computer keeps the data otherwise the data moves to the  computers.

Advantages

1. It is simple and easy to use.

2. It required small length of cable to connect computers.

3. It is less expensive.

4. It is easy to extend a bus.

5. It allows more computers to join network.

6. Ifone node fails it does not affect the rest of the network.

Disadvantages

1. It is difficult to troubleshoot.

2. It only supports small number of computers.

3. Network speed slows down as the number of computers increases.

4. collision occur.

Bus Topology

Q:What is Star topology?Explain its working with diagram. disadvantages and advantages.

Star topology

All computers in Star topology are connected with Central device called star topology is mostly used in client server networks

Working of star network

The standing computer sends the data to hub.The hub sends data to the receiving computer.Each computer in Star Network communicates with a central hub.

Advantages

1. Is easy to maintain and modify network.

2. Adding or removing computers can be done without disturbing the network.

3. Finding faults becomes very simple.

4. Single computer failure does not bring down the whole network.

5. It is more flexible than other technologies.

Disadvantages

1. If central hub fails, the entire network breaks down.

2. It requires a large length of cable  to connect computers.

3. It is more expensive.

Star Topology

Q:What is the ring topology?Explain its working with diagram discuss its advantages and disadvantages.

Ring topology

In ring topology,each computer is connected to the next computer while the last computer connected to computer.Thus,a ring of computers is formed.

Working of ring network

 Every computer is connected to next computer in the form of ring.Each computer receives message from the previous computer and transmits it to the next computer.The message flows in one direction the message is passed around the ring until it reached the correct destination computer

Advantages

1. It is  less expensive than star topology.

2. Every computer has equal access to the network.

Disadvantages

1. Failure of one computer in the ring can affect the whole network.

2. It is difficult to troubleshoot.

3. Adding or removing computers affect the whole network.

Ring Topology

Q:What is tree topology?Explain its working with diagram.discuss its advantages and disadvantages.

Tree Topology

A tree topology combines the characteristics of bus and star topologies.It consists of different groups of computers attached in Star topology.the groups are  then connected to a bus backbone cable tree topology it is used for the the expansion of an existing network.

Advantages of tree topology 

It provides point to point wiring for individual segments.

It is supported by several hardware and software vendors.

Disadvantages of tree topology

1. Ocverall length of each segment is limited by the type of cabling used.

2. If the backbone line breaks the entire segment goes down.

3. It is more difficult to configure and wire than other topologies

Tree Topology

Q:What is mesh topology?Explain its working with diagram discuss its advantages and disadvantages.

Mesh Topology

In a mash topology, every device in the network is physically connected to every other device in the network.A message can be send different possible paths from source to destination. Mash topology provides improved performance and reliability .Mash networks are not used much in local area networks it is mostly used in wide area networks.

Advantages

1. The use of dedicated link guarantees that each connection can carry its own data load. It eliminates traffic problem.

2. It is easy to troubleshoot.

3. If one link becomes unusable it does not harm the entire system

Disadvantages

A full mash network can be very expensive.

It is difficult to install and reconfigure.

Mesh Topology